4+Constructive+evolution

Next: Constructive evolution

TO DO:

- Add multiple coding (de Boer and Hogeweg, 2012) - Add "coding structure in RNA world (Takeuchi and Hogeweg, 2008 & Colizzi and Hogeweg, 2014)

=4 Constructive Evolution (overview)= Here we look at how the evolutionary process can be a constructive process (rather than merely optimizing).

In this section
 * 1) Constructive evolution
 * Genetic algorithms (Holland)
 * 1) RNA Evolution
 * Adaptive landscapes
 * RNA secondary structure (Huynen)
 * Multi-One Genotype-Phenotype mapping
 * 1) Evolution on neutral network
 * Percolation on neutral paths
 * Adaptive versus neutral dynamics
 * tRNA target structure and punctuated evolution
 * 1) Phenotypic error-threshold
 * 2) Coding structures
 * Integrating pattern formation, coding structure and evolution
 * Which code is chosen?
 * What special code evolves?
 * Constructed landscapes and landscapes as metaphor
 * Landscape studies
 * The Royal Road
 * Neutrality on the Royal Road: what is neutral
 * Evolving to robustness: evolutionary signature?
 * Accuracy and relevance of RNA landscape
 * Multiple coding
 * Putting the ecology back in: Coding structure in the RNA world (still to be added)
 * 1) Gene regulation networks
 * Evolution and side-effects

Next: Constructive evolution